Abstract

Hypospadias is one of the most common congenital anomalies in male children with the incidence of 1 in 300 of male births. Surgical reconstruction for this malformation is one of the most common procedures performed by pediatric surgeons and pediatric urologists. Numerous surgical techniques have been published to treat hypospadias, including 200 different modifications of surgical repair. Despite numerous advances in refinements in operative techniques and suture materials, complications can be seen during postoperative follow-up. Some technical differences and preferences may vary in topics such as using grafts versus flaps, types of stents, urinary diversion, dressing, antibiotic use and issue of treating in one or two steps.